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The business and occupation tax (often abbreviated as B&O tax or B/O tax) is a type of tax levied by the U.S. states of Washington, West Virginia, and, as of 2010, Ohio, [1] and by municipal governments in West Virginia and Kentucky. [2] It is a type of gross receipts tax because it is levied on gross income, rather than net income.
Values are determined by local officials, and may be disputed by property owners. For the taxing authority, one advantage of the property tax over the sales tax or income tax is that the revenue always equals the tax levy, unlike the other types of taxes. The property tax typically produces the required revenue for municipalities' tax levies.
A city and county that share a name may be completely unrelated in geography. For example, Richmond County is nowhere near the City of Richmond, and Franklin County is even farther from the City of Franklin. More Virginia counties are named for women than in any other state. [4] Virginia's postal abbreviation is VA and its FIPS state code is 51.
Cities in Virginia are thus similar to unitary authorities in some countries. The United States Census Bureau treats all cities in Virginia as county-equivalents. Other municipalities, even though they may be more populous than some existing independent cities, are incorporated as "towns", and as such form part of a county.
In 2011, Altoona, Pennsylvania fully shifted its property tax so that it fell only on land [17] but reverted to a tax on land and improvements in 2016. The mayor cited two major reasons for the repeal: the limited impact of the change due to county and school district property taxes, and the unfamiliarity businesses and residents had with the ...
Tax increments may not be less than 0.25%, and the total tax rate, including the state rate, may not exceed 8.75%. County permissive taxes may be levied by emergency resolution of the county boards of commissioners. Transit authority taxes must and county permissive taxes may be levied by a vote of the electors of the district or county.
[6] [7] [8] The mission of the agency is to "serve the public by acting ethically and efficiently in our administration of Virginia’s tax laws." [ 1 ] The agency is currently led by Craig M. Burns, who has served as Tax Commissioner since November 2010 [ 9 ] [ 10 ]
Independent tax-service acquisitions continued throughout the year, with more than 3,300 offices, owned by 600 franchisees. By year's end, the company was handling over 2.2 million tax returns a year. At its peak, Jackson Hewitt was the second-largest tax preparation firm in the U.S., a position it still holds.