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NDIS Miniport drivers can also use Windows Driver Model interfaces to control network hardware. [19] Another driver type is NDIS Intermediate Driver. Intermediate drivers sit in-between the MAC and IP layers and can control all traffic being accepted by the NIC. In practice, intermediate drivers implement both miniport and protocol interfaces.
Being network devices supported entirely in software, they differ from ordinary network devices which are backed by physical network adapters. The Universal TUN/TAP Driver originated in 2000 as a merger of the corresponding drivers in Solaris, Linux and BSD. [1] The driver continues to be maintained as part of the Linux [2] and FreeBSD [3] [4 ...
The port numbers in the range from 0 to 1023 (0 to 2 10 − 1) are the well-known ports or system ports. [3] They are used by system processes that provide widely used types of network services. On Unix-like operating systems, a process must execute with superuser privileges to be able to bind a network socket to an IP address using one of the ...
NBT exposes information and interfaces that are often appropriate for a LAN under an organization's administrative control, but which are not appropriate for a less trusted network such as the Internet. For example, the NetBIOS Name Service (NBNS), running over UDP or TCP port 137, allows any computer to register its hostname with other computers.
QLogic offers CNAs via their QLogic 8200 & 8300 series Converged Network Adapters. They offer single and dual port PCI cards with copper or optical fibre interfaces. [4] QLogic CNAs are available under the QLogic brandname and as OEM cards. The QME CNA and drivers were supported by Citrix, NetApp, EMC and IBM. [5]
Partly based on the ath9k driver for Linux: Yes atu: Atmel AT76C503/ AT76C503A/ AT76C505/ AT76C505A Integrated Yes [49] BSD: Reverse engineering Yes atw: ADMtek ADM8211 Integrated — BSD: Documentation based Yes awi: BayStack 650 2.7 to 4.3 — BSD: Yes bwfm: Broadcom and Cypress IEEE 802.11a/ac/ax/b/g/n wireless network device 6.3+ BSD ...
A different slave becomes active if, and only if, the active slave fails. The single logical bonded interface's MAC address is externally visible on only one NIC (port) to simplify forwarding in the network switch. This mode provides fault tolerance. XOR (balance-xor) Transmit network packets based on a hash of the packet's source and destination.
A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, [3] network adapter, LAN adapter and physical network interface [4]) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network. [5] Early network interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that plugged into a computer bus.