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Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes / s ɪ ˈ lj ʊər ɪ f ɔːr m iː z / or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish.Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the three largest species alive, the Mekong giant catfish from Southeast Asia, the wels catfish of Eurasia, and the piraíba of South America, to ...
The channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), known informally as the "channel cat", is North America's most abundant catfish species. It is the official fish of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Tennessee. The channel catfish is the most fished species of catfish in the United States, with around 8 million anglers angeling them per year
Members of the family Loricariidae are commonly referred to as loricariids, suckermouth catfishes, armoured catfish, or suckermouth armoured catfish. [4] The name "plecostomus", and its shortened forms "pleco" and "plec", are used for many Loricariidae, since Plecostomus plecostomus (now called Hypostomus plecostomus) was one of the first loricariid species imported for the fish-keeping hobby.
Most of these species are in the genus Corydoras, the largest catfish genus. [3] The subfamily Corydoradinae includes about 90% of the species in the family Callichthyidae and is one of the most diverse siluriform assemblages in the Neotropics, with about 170 valid species. [5] It includes two tribes, Aspidoradini and Corydoradini.
Common names of fish can refer to a single species; to an entire group of species, such as a genus or family; or to multiple unrelated species or groups. Ambiguous common names are accompanied by their possible meanings. Scientific names for individual species and higher taxa are included in parentheses.
[3] [4] The genus is found in Southeast Asia and East Asia westwards through India and Asia Minor and in Africa. [5] The diversity of these catfishes is highest in Africa. [6] Some (notably the walking catfish) have become pest species where they were accidentally introduced, particularly in Cuba, where their introduction was intentional.
In Africa, this catfish has been reported as being second in size only to the vundu of the Zambesian waters, [4] although FishBase suggests the African sharptooth catfish surpasses that species in both maximum length and weight. [5] [6] C. gariepinus has an average adult length of 1–1.5 m (3 ft 3 in – 4 ft 11 in).
The Bagridae are a family of catfish that are native to Africa and Asia (all other genera) from Japan to Borneo. [3] It includes about 245 species. These fish are commonly known as naked catfishes or bagrid catfishes. Many large bagrids are important as a source of food. Some species are also kept as aquarium fishes. [3]