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Ahura Mazda (/ ə ˌ h ʊər ə ˈ m æ z d ə /; [1] Avestan: 𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬀 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬁, romanized: Ahura Mazdā; Persian: اهورا مزدا, romanized: Ahurâ Mazdâ), [n 1] also known as Horomazes, [n 2] [2] is the creator deity and god of the sky [3] in the ancient Iranian religion Zoroastrianism.
Sasanid-era relief (224-561 AD) at Naqsh-e Rostam, depicting Ahura Mazda presenting the diadem of sovereignty to Ardashir I. Ahura Mazda: the creator deity and god of the sky. He is the first and most frequently invoked spirit in the Persian mythology. The literal meaning of the word Ahura is "lord", and that of Mazda is "wisdom".
In Zoroastrianism, there are 101 names and titles used to refer to Ahura Mazda.The list is preserved in Persian, Pazend, and Gujarati. [1]The names are often taken during Baj (ceremonial prayer) as part of Yasna while continuously sprinkling with the ring made of eight metals with the hair of the pure Varasya named "Vars" [clarification needed] into the water vessel.
Angra Mainyu (/ ˈ æ ŋ r ə ˈ m aɪ nj uː /; Avestan: 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎, romanized: Aŋra Ma i niiu) is the Avestan name of Zoroastrianism's hypostasis of the "destructive/evil spirit" and the main adversary in Zoroastrianism either of the Spenta Mainyu, the "holy/creative spirits/mentality", or directly of Ahura Mazda, the highest deity of Zoroastrianism.
Ahura Mazda was thus recognized as the creator of the world. Dualism was strongly emphasized and human nature was considered essentially good. The chief ritual of the ancient Iranians was the yasna , in which the deities were praised and the mind-altering drug hauma was consumed.
Ahura Mazda created the material and visible world itself in order to ensnare evil. He created the floating, egg-shaped universe in two parts: first the spiritual (menog) and 3,000 years later, the physical (getig). [10] Ahura Mazda then created Gayomard, the archetypical perfect man, and Gavaevodata, the primordial bovine. [11]
Mirroring the task of the Amesha Spentas through which Ahura Mazda realized creation, the six antitheses are the instrument through which Angra Mainyu creates all the horrors in the world. Further, the arch- daeva s of Vendidad 10.9 and 19.43 are identified as the antithetical counterparts of the Amesha Spentas.
According to Walther Heissig, the group of 33 gods led by Qormusata Tngri exists alongside the well-known group of 99 tngri. Qormusata Tngri derives his name from Ahura Mazda. He is analogous to the Indian Buddhist deity Śakra (to whom Michael York compares him, as a more active being [4]), ruler of the Buddhist heaven of the Thirty-three.