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Q.E.D. or QED is an initialism of the Latin phrase quod erat demonstrandum, meaning "that which was to be demonstrated". Literally, it states "what was to be shown". [ 1 ] Traditionally, the abbreviation is placed at the end of mathematical proofs and philosophical arguments in print publications, to indicate that the proof or the argument is ...
quod erat demonstrandum : what was to be demonstrated: The abbreviation is often written at the bottom of a mathematical proof. Sometimes translated loosely into English as "The Five Ws", W.W.W.W.W., which stands for "Which Was What We Wanted". quod erat faciendum (Q.E.F.) which was to be done: Or "which was to be constructed".
quod erat demonstrandum "that which was to be demonstrated" [1] Cited in many texts at the end of a mathematical proof. Example: "At the end of the long proof, the professor exclaimed ' QED! '" q.v. qq.v. quod vide quae vide "which see" Imperative, [1] used after a term or phrase that should be looked up elsewhere in the current document or book.
"quod erat demonstrandum" "what was required to be proved" Used by early mathematicians including Euclid (Elements, 1.4), Aristotle (APo.90b34), and Archimedes, written at the end of a mathematical proof or philosophical argument, to signify the proof as complete. Later it was latinized as "QED" or the Halmos tombstone box symbol.
[Yet students must pronounce with diffidence and circumspection on the merits of such illustrious characters, lest, as is the case with many, they condemn what they do not understand. (translated by Rev. John Selby Watson) damnatio ad bestias: condemnation to [the] beasts: Colloquially, "thrown to the lions". damnatio memoriae: damnation of memory
Q.E.D. (quod erat demonstrandum), used at the end of a mathematical proof; Quantum electrodynamics, a field in particle physics; QED manifesto and project, a database of mathematical knowledge; QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter, a 1985 physics book by Richard Feynman
In mathematics, the tombstone, halmos, end-of-proof, or Q.E.D. symbol "∎" (or " ") is a symbol used to denote the end of a proof, in place of the traditional abbreviation "Q.E.D." for the Latin phrase "quod erat demonstrandum". It is inspired by the typographic practice of end marks, an element that marks the end of an article. [1] [2]
This abbreviation stands for "quod erat demonstrandum", which is Latin for "that which was to be demonstrated". A more common alternative is to use a square or a rectangle, such as or ∎, known as a " tombstone " or "halmos" after its eponym Paul Halmos .