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Stack effect. The stack effect or chimney effect is the movement of air into and out of buildings through unsealed openings, chimneys, flue-gas stacks, or other purposefully designed openings or containers, resulting from air buoyancy. Buoyancy occurs due to a difference in indoor-to-outdoor air density resulting from temperature and moisture ...
Flue. A flue is a duct, pipe, or opening in a chimney for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, furnace, water heater, boiler, or generator to the outdoors. Historically the term flue meant the chimney itself. [1] In the United States, they are also known as vents for boilers and as breeching for water heaters and modern furnaces.
Several of these terms may be compounded with chimney or fireplace such as chimney-back. Andiron—Either one of two horizontal metal bars resting on short legs intended to support firewood in a hearth. [20] Arch—An arched top of the fireplace opening. [21] Ash dump—An opening in a hearth to sweep ashes for later removal from the ash pit. [21]
Many fires reported as chimney fires, are structure fires ignited by the overheating of the framing members. These structure fires can be traced to the normal use of the fireplace or sealed combustion chamber. Another risk are attempts of putting out a chimney fire by untrained personnel, such as the residents, instead of the fire department.
The fireplace mantel or mantelpiece, also known as a chimneypiece, originated in medieval times as a hood that projected over a fire grate to catch the smoke. The term has evolved to include the decorative framework around the fireplace, and can include elaborate designs extending to the ceiling. Mantelpiece is now the general term for the ...
Q = chimney draught/draft flow rate, m 3 /s; A = cross-sectional area of chimney, m 2 (assuming it has a constant cross-section) C = discharge coefficient (usually taken to be from 0.65 to 0.70) g = gravitational acceleration, 9.807 m/s 2; H = height of chimney, m; T i = average temperature inside the chimney, K; T e = external air temperature, K.
Solar chimney. A solar chimney – often referred to as a thermal chimney – is a way of improving the natural ventilation of buildings by using convection of air heated by passive solar energy. A simple description of a solar chimney is that of a vertical shaft utilizing solar energy to enhance the natural stack ventilation through a building.
Rumford fireplace. The Rumford fireplace is a tall, shallow fireplace designed by Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, an Anglo-American physicist best known for his investigations of heat. Its shallow, angled sides are designed to reflect heat into the room, and its streamlined throat minimizes turbulence, thereby carrying away smoke with ...