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Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), also known as subacute spongiform encephalopathy or neurocognitive disorder due to prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. [ 4 ] [ 1 ] Early symptoms include memory problems, behavioral changes, poor coordination, and visual disturbances. [ 4 ]
The Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance System (CJDSS) is a unit of the Public Health Agency of Canada. It studies the various variants of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease , and at least as of 2017, assisted "with DNA sequencing , autopsy and case confirmation". [ 1 ]
Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), formerly known as New variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (nvCJD) and referred to colloquially as "mad cow disease" or "human mad cow disease" to distinguish it from its BSE counterpart, is a fatal type of brain disease within the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy family. [7]
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Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) CJD prion PrP sCJD: No Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD, nvCJD) vCJD prion [12] PrP vCJD: 90.001.0.01.009. Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) GSS prion PrP GSS: No 90.001.0.01.010. Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) FFI prion PrP FFI: No Familial spongiform encephalopathy [13]
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to repeated trauma to the head. The encephalopathy symptoms can include behavioral problems, mood problems, and problems with thinking.
Motor neuron diseases affect both children and adults. [5] While each motor neuron disease affects patients differently, they all cause movement-related symptoms, mainly muscle weakness . [ 6 ] Most of these diseases seem to occur randomly without known causes, but some forms are inherited. [ 2 ]
Fatal insomnia is an extremely rare neurodegenerative prion disease that results in trouble sleeping as its hallmark symptom. [2] The majority of cases are familial (fatal familial insomnia [FFI]), stemming from a mutation in the PRNP gene, with the remainder of cases occurring sporadically (sporadic fatal insomnia [sFI]).