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A cross-functional team (XFN), also known as a multidisciplinary team or interdisciplinary team, [1] [2] [3] is a group of people with different functional expertise working toward a common goal. [4] It may include people from finance , marketing , operations , and human resources departments.
[4] This is an example of cross-functional matrix management, and is not the same as when, in the 1980s, a department acquired PCs and hired programmers. [5] [6] Often senior employees, these employees are part of a product-oriented project manager's team but also report to another boss in a functional department.
The Secretary of Defense-empowered cross-functional team concept was established under Section 911 of the 2017 National Defense Authorization Act. The provision was included in response to Congressional and Government Accountability Office (GAO) assessments which found that, while the Department of Defense maintains military forces with unparalleled capabilities, the department "continues to ...
Weak/functional matrix: A project manager with only limited authority is assigned to oversee the cross- functional aspects of the project. The functional managers maintain control over their resources and project areas. Balanced/functional matrix: A project manager is assigned to oversee the project.
The central characteristic of project teams in modern organizations is the autonomy and flexibility availed in the process or method undertaken to meet their goals. Most [quantify] project teams require involvement from more than one department, therefore most project teams can be classified as cross-functional teams.
Management teams (also referred to as action and negotiation teams) are responsible for the coordination and direction of a division within an institution or organization during various assigned projects and functional, operational and/or strategic tasks and initiatives. [35]
The cross-functional team should include representatives from key departments such as management, marketing, legal, operations, and technology. Assembling a cross-function team to assess strategic risk allows the company to obtain a dimensional perspective on its strategy, receiving different inputs to grasp the situation entirely.
Some refer to a functional area as a "silo". Besides the heads of a firm's product and/or geographic units the company's top management team typically consists of several functional heads such as the chief financial officer, the chief operating officer, and the chief strategy officer. [1] Communication generally occurs within a single department.