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The geothermal production well reached a depth of 5,275 m (17,306 ft) and the fluid injection well 2,393 m (7,851 ft). [ 3 ] [ 1 ] Between August 2020 and July 2021, the wells underwent a series of injection tests to analyse the hydrology within the fractured geothermal reservoir.
Below that, in the deeper layer, the temperature is effectively constant, rising about 0.025 °C per metre according to the geothermal gradient. The "penetration depth" [3] is defined as the depth at which the temperature variable is less than 0.01 of the variation at the surface. This also depends on the type of soil:
The project was abandoned by the Department of Energy, but Southampton City Council took the decision to create the UK's first geothermal power scheme. This was undertaken as part of a plan to become a "self sustaining city" in energy generation, promoted by City Council officer Mike Smith and council leader Alan Whitehead. [1] [2] [3]
As of 2007, 28 GW of geothermal heating capacity is installed around the world, satisfying 0.07% of global primary energy consumption. [1] Thermal efficiency is high since no energy conversion is needed, but capacity factors tend to be low (around 20%) since the heat is mostly needed in the winter.
The Sonoma Calpine 3 power plant is one of 22 power plants at The Geysers in the United States. This is a list of operational geothermal power stations with a current installed capacity of at least 10 MW. The Geysers in California, United States is the largest geothermal power station in the world with a nameplate capacity of 1,590 MW and an annual generation of 6,516 GWh in 2018. Geothermal ...
As of 2007 plant construction and well drilling cost about €2–5 million per MW of electrical capacity, while the break-even price was 0.04–0.10 € per kW·h. [10] Enhanced geothermal systems tend to be on the high side of these ranges, with capital costs above $4 million per MW and break-even above $0.054 per kW·h.
The highest concentrations are located in the Mayacamas Mountains and Imperial Valley of California, as well as in Western Nevada. The first geothermal area to be exploited for commercial electricity generation was The Geysers , a complex of 22 geothermal power stations located in Sonoma and Lake counties of California , which was commissioned ...
Most drilled geothermal exploration wells, up to the production well, are still considered to be within the exploration phase. Most consultants and engineers consider exploration to continue until one production well is completed successfully. [4] Generally, the first wildcat well has a success rate of 25%. Following more analysis and ...