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[1] A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description ) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research ...
[1] [6] Hence, there are multiple subdisciplines within biology, each defined by the nature of their research questions and the tools that they use. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Like other scientists, biologists use the scientific method to make observations , pose questions, generate hypotheses , perform experiments, and form conclusions about the world ...
The word homology, coined in about 1656, is derived from the Greek ὁμόλογος homologos from ὁμός homos 'same' and λόγος logos 'relation'. [8] [9] [a] Similar biological structures or sequences in different taxa are homologous if they are derived from a common ancestor. Homology thus implies divergent evolution.
In the first international Rules of botanical nomenclature from the International Botanical Congress of 1905, the word family (familia) was assigned to the rank indicated by the French famille, while order (ordo) was reserved for a higher rank, for what in the 19th century had often been named a 'cohort' (cohors, [10] plural cohortes).
Clasa I: compulsory 8–9 Clasa II: compulsory 9–10 Clasa III: compulsory 10–11 Clasa IV: compulsory Gymnasium (Middle school) Age Grade Type 11–12 Clasa V: compulsory 12–13 Clasa VI: compulsory 13–14 Clasa VII: compulsory 14–15 Clasa VIII: compulsory Lyceum (Secondary School) Age Grade Type 15–16 Clasa IX: compulsory 16–17 ...
In population dynamics and community ecology, recruitment is the process by which individuals are added to a population. [1] Successful recruitment is contingent on an individual surviving and integrating within the population; in some studies, individuals are only considered to have been recruited into a population once they've reached a certain size or life stage.
The binding sequence for a transcription factor in DNA is usually about 10 or 11 nucleotides long. As summarized in 2009, Vaquerizas et al. indicated there are approximately 1,400 different transcription factors encoded in the human genome by genes that constitute about 6% of all human protein encoding genes. [ 25 ]
This particular function is considered a scaffold's most basic function. Scaffolds assemble signaling components of a cascade into complexes. This assembly may be able to enhance signaling specificity by preventing unnecessary interactions between signaling proteins, and enhance signaling efficiency by increasing the proximity and effective concentration of components in the scaffold complex.