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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), formerly known as TNF-α, is a chemical messenger produced by the immune system that induces inflammation. [5] TNF is produced primarily by activated macrophages , and induces inflammation by binding to its receptors on other cells. [ 6 ]
Lymphotoxin alpha, a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, is a cytokine produced by lymphocytes. LT-α 1-β 2 can interact with receptors such as LT-β receptors. [12] Absence of LT-β on cell surfaces will diminish the ability of LT-α to form LT-α 1-β 2, thus decreasing its effective ability as a cytokine.
A TNF inhibitor is a pharmaceutical drug that suppresses the physiologic response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which is part of the inflammatory response.TNF is involved in autoimmune and immune-mediated disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa and refractory asthma, so TNF inhibitors may be used in their ...
Lymphotoxin is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily of cytokines, whose members are responsible for regulating the growth and function of lymphocytes and are expressed by a wide variety of cells in the body.
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily is a protein superfamily of type II transmembrane proteins containing TNF homology domain and forming trimers. Members of this superfamily can be released from the cell membrane by extracellular proteolytic cleavage and function as a cytokine .
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is the "master regulator" of the inflammatory (immune) response in many organ systems. Autoimmune diseases are caused by an overactive immune response. Etanercept has the potential to treat these diseases by inhibiting TNF-alpha. [19] Etanercept is a fusion protein produced by recombinant DNA. It fuses the ...
The tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) is a protein superfamily of cytokine receptors characterized by the ability to bind tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) via an extracellular cysteine-rich domain. [2] [3] With the exception of nerve growth factor (NGF), all TNFs are homologous to the archetypal TNF-alpha. [4]
Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3 or A20 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFAIP3 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] This gene was identified as a gene whose expression is rapidly induced by the tumor necrosis factor (TNF).