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Both male and female clones are grown. This is the tree most commonly grown in Great Britain and Ireland as Lombardy poplar. [11] 'Manchester' is a cultivar of P. nigra subsp. betulifolia widely planted in northwest England. It is a male clone, and currently seriously threatened by poplar scab disease. [12] [13]
Leaf size is very variable even on a single tree, typically with small leaves on side shoots, and very large leaves on strong-growing lead shoots. The leaves often turn bright gold to yellow before they fall during autumn. [2] [3] The seeds of the poplar tree are easily dispersed by the wind, due to the fine hairs surrounding them.
In the Nord department, for example, poplar plantations covered around 18,000 hectares in the early 2000s, i.e. almost twice the size of the region's largest state forest (Forêt de Mormal), but with a highly variable rate (almost 0% in the Dunkirk area, compared with 1.3% in the Nord and 0.7% in the Pas-de-Calais, according to the Agreste-SAA ...
Populus tremuloides is a deciduous tree native to cooler areas of North America, one of several species referred to by the common name aspen.It is commonly called quaking aspen, [2] [3] [4] trembling aspen, [2] [3] American aspen, [3] mountain or golden aspen, [5] trembling poplar, [5] white poplar, [5] and popple, [5] as well as others. [5]
However, as the tree is heavily buttressed, and irregular in shape, a calculation of nominal diameter, defined as the cross-sectional wood area expressed as a circle, gives this tree a diameter at breast height of 30.8 feet (9.4 m)—a much smaller number, but a more accurate representation of the tree's size. [10]
The equation for exponential mass growth rate in plant growth analysis is often expressed as: = Where: M(t) is the final mass of the plant at time (t). M 0 is the initial mass of the plant. RGR is the relative growth rate. RGR can then be written as:
A well-known allometric equation relates metabolic rate to body mass: Y = βM 3/4. In forestry the equation takes on many forms in order to represent relationships between the many various attributes of tree size and growth. Below is an example:
When stocking, a tree's basal area is measured. The basal area is a cross-sectional area of the stump taken about 4.5 feet (1.4 m) above the ground. [7] The equation for calculating the basal area of trees in a stand is Basal Area = 0.005454 DBH 2, where DBH is the diameter of the tree at the aforementioned measuring height. [7]