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Ulmus americana, generally known as the American elm or, less commonly, as the white elm or water elm, [a] is a species of elm native to eastern North America. The trees can live for several hundred years.
Few flowering plants self-pollinate; some can provide their own pollen (self fertile), but require a pollinator to move the pollen; others are dependent on cross pollination from a genetically different source of viable pollen, through the activity of pollinators. One of the possible pollinators to assist in cross-pollination are honeybees.
After pollination, seeds of spring-flowering elms ripen and fall at the start of summer (June); they remain viable for only a few days. They are planted in sandy potting soil at a depth of 1 cm, and germinate in three weeks. Slow-germinating American elm will remain dormant until the second season. [12]
Ulmus pseudo-americana Lesquereux; Ulmus pseudolongifolia Oishi & Huz; Ulmus pyramidalis Goeppert; Ulmus pseudopyramidalis Kvaček & Hably; Ulmus rhamnifolia Ward; Ulmus speciosa Newberry (syn= Ulmus tanneri Chaney) Ulmus stuchlikii Kohlman-Adamska, Ziembińska-Tworzydło, & Zastawniak; Ulmus subparvifolia Nathorst; Ulmus tenuiservis Lesquereux ...
The perfect apetalous wind-pollinated flowers are vernal, appearing before the leaves unfold, born in long-pedicelled fascicles of 3 or 4. The fruit is a samara maturing in the spring as the leaves unfold; about 12 mm (½ inch) long, oval to oblong-obovate, deeply notched at apex, margin ciliate with smooth surfaces.
The starting-points for List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars were fourfold: (1) Green's 'Registration of Cultivar Names in Ulmus ' (1964), [1] based on the contemporary nomenclature of elm species and wild hybrids; (2) Krüssmann's confirmation or correction of cultivar-names in his monumental Handbuch der Laubgehölze (1976); [2] (3) Heybroek's table of Netherlands research ...
Weeping elm by Plymouth Congregational Church, Plainfield, Illinois (1941) Morton Arboretum's Ulmus americana f. pendula (2009). The U. americana pendula planted at the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, in 1889 may have been Späth's mis-named Ulmus fulva (Mchx) pendula, later corrected in arboretum lists, since Späth supplied many of the 1880s' and 1890s' elms there. [14]
Pollination by a specialist can result in high flowering synchrony, as asynchronous flowering can result in erratic attraction of a specialist to a site. [19] Showy floral displays tend to attract pollinators, [ 20 ] [ 21 ] and synchronous flowering can attract more pollinators to a population.