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A foil is an architectural device based on a symmetrical rendering of leaf shapes, defined by overlapping circles of the same diameter that produce a series of cusps to make a lobe. Typically, the number of cusps can be three ( trefoil ), four ( quatrefoil ), five (cinquefoil [ 1 ] ), or a larger number (multifoil). [ 2 ]
Multifoil arch in the Aljafería, Zaragoza, Spain. A multifoil arch (or polyfoil arch), also known as a cusped arch, [1] [2] polylobed arch, [3] [4] or scalloped arch, [5] is an arch characterized by multiple circular arcs or leaf shapes (called foils, lobes, or cusps) that are cut into its interior profile or intrados.
It is found in art, architecture, heraldry and traditional Christian symbolism. [2] The word 'quatrefoil' means "four leaves", from the Latin quattuor, "four", plus folium, "leaf"; [3] the term refers specifically to a four-leafed clover, but applies in general to four-lobed shapes in various contexts.
Design theory is a subfield of design research concerned with various theoretical approaches towards understanding and delineating design principles, design knowledge, and design practice. History [ edit ]
The hexafoil is a design with six-fold dihedral symmetry composed from six vesica piscis lenses arranged radially around a central point, often shown enclosed in a circumference of another six lenses. It is also sometimes known as a "daisy wheel". [1] A second, quite different, design is also sometimes referred to by this name; see alternate ...
Architectural theory is the act of thinking, discussing, and writing about architecture. Architectural theory is taught in all architecture schools and is practiced by the world's leading architects. Some forms that architecture theory takes are the lecture or dialogue, the treatise or book, and the paper project or competition entry ...
The Wainwright Building in St. Louis, Missouri, designed by Louis Sullivan and built in 1891, is emblematic of his famous maxim "form follows function".. Form follows function is a principle of design associated with late 19th- and early 20th-century architecture and industrial design in general, which states that the appearance and structure of a building or object (architectural form) should ...
Foil (architecture), decorative device derived from cusps of circles; Foil stamping, a printmaking technique; Foil (fencing), one of the three weapons used in modern fencing; Foil (fiction), a subsidiary character who emphasizes the traits of a main character Comedic or comic foil, the straight man in a comedy double act