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The goosefish family, Lophiidae, was first proposed as a genus in 1810 by the French polymath and naturalist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque. [2] The Lophiidae is the only family in the monotypic suborder Lophioidei, this is one of 5 suborders of the Lophiiformes. [3]
Lophiodes beroe is found in the warner waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean from North Carolina south through the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea south along the coast of South America as far as 25°S, off the coast of Brazil. The presence of the white goosefish off the Cuba and the Lesser Antilles may need to be clarified. [1]
The anal fin contains 8 soft rays and is located quite far back on the body. [10] The largest species is the club-bait goosefish ( L. monodi ) with a maximum published total length of 52 cm (20 in), while the smallest is L. fimbriatus with a maximum published standard length of 7.5 cm (3.0 in).
The sea surface microlayer (SML) at the air-sea interface is a distinct, under-studied habitat compared to the subsurface and copepods, important components of ocean food webs, have developed key adaptations to exploit this niche. [40] The ocean-spanning SML forms the boundary between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere.
The larvae are free-swimming and their pelvic fins are elongated into filaments. [13] As many as 300,000 to 2,800,000 eggs may be released in a single spawning. [ 16 ] The egg sheets are buoyant and float near the surface of the water, where the action of wind and surface currents may aid dispersal.
The pelagic food web, showing the central involvement of marine microorganisms in how the ocean imports nutrients from and then exports them back to the atmosphere and ocean floor. A marine food web is a food web of marine life. At the base of the ocean food web are single-celled algae and other plant-like organisms known as phytoplankton.
A freshwater aquatic food web. The blue arrows show a complete food chain (algae → daphnia → gizzard shad → largemouth bass → great blue heron). A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community.
Lophius was first proposed as a genus by Carl Linnaeus when he described Lophius piscatorius in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae given as "in Oceano Europæo", meaning the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean and Black Seas with localities mentioned including Bordeaux, Marseille and Montpellier in France; Genoa, Rome, Naples and Venice in Italy; Lesbos in Greece; and Syria.