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The number π (/ p aɪ / ⓘ; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.
William Jones, FRS (1675 – 1 July 1749 [1]) was a Welsh mathematician best known for his use of the symbol π (the Greek letter Pi) to represent the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. He was a close friend of Sir Isaac Newton and Sir Edmund Halley.
All records from 1400 onwards are given as the number of correct decimal places. 1400: Madhava of Sangamagrama: Discovered the infinite power series expansion of π now known as the Leibniz formula for pi [13] 10: 1424: Jamshīd al-Kāshī [14] 16: 1573: Valentinus Otho: 355 ⁄ 113: 6 1579: François Viète [15] 9 1593: Adriaan van Roomen [16 ...
Pi Day is an annual celebration of the mathematical constant π (pi). Pi Day is observed on March 14 (the 3rd month) since 3, 1, and 4 are the first three significant figures of π, and was first celebrated in the United States. [2] [3] It was founded in 1988 by Larry Shaw, an employee of a science museum in San Francisco, the Exploratorium.
A History of Pi was originally published as A History of π in 1970 by Golem Press. This edition did not cover any approximations of π calculated after 1946. A second edition, printed in 1971, added material on the calculation of π by electronic computers, but still contained historical and mathematical errors, such as an incorrect proof that there exist infinitely many prime numbers. [4]
c. 20,000 BC — Nile Valley, Ishango Bone: suggested, though disputed, as the earliest reference to prime numbers as also a common number. [1] c. 3400 BC — the Sumerians invent the first so-known numeral system, [dubious – discuss] and a system of weights and measures.
It is an irrational number, possibly the first number to be known as such, and an algebraic number. Its numerical value truncated to 50 decimal places is: 1.41421 35623 73095 04880 16887 24209 69807 85696 71875 37694... (sequence A002193 in the OEIS).
The Indiana pi bill was bill 246 of the 1897 sitting of the Indiana General Assembly, one of the most notorious attempts to establish mathematical truth by legislative fiat. Despite its name, the main result claimed by the bill is a method to square the circle .