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Spasmodic dysphonia, also known as laryngeal dystonia, is a disorder in which the muscles that generate a person's voice go into periods of spasm. [1] [2] This results in breaks or interruptions in the voice, often every few sentences, which can make a person difficult to understand. [1]
Speech sound disorders (SSDs) can arise from a variety of causes, which are generally categorized into organic and functional factors: Organic causes These include physical or neurological issues that affect speech production: hearing loss, including temporary hearing loss, such as from ear infections; developmental disorders (e.g. autism)
Voice disorders [1] are medical conditions involving abnormal pitch, loudness or quality of the sound produced by the larynx and thereby affecting speech production. These include: These include: Vocal fold nodules
The exact cause of this disorder is usually unknown. [1] Many observations suggest a genetic cause of DVD, as many with the disorder have a family history of communication disorders. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The gene FOXP2 has been implicated in many studies of the condition, and when this is the cause, the condition is inherited in an autosomal ...
Among individuals with TS studied in clinics, between 2.9% and 20% had autism spectrum disorders, [59] but one study indicates that a high association of autism and TS may be partly due to difficulties distinguishing between tics and tic-like behaviors or OCD symptoms seen in autistic people.
Tic disorders occur along a spectrum, ranging from mild (transient or chronic tics) to more severe; Tourette syndrome is the more severe expression of a spectrum of tic disorders, which are thought to be due to the same genetic vulnerability. [23]
“Your voice would be a voice that parents would listen to,” Alsobrooks added. ... “The problem with this witness’s response on the autism cause and the relationship to vaccines is because ...
Developmental verbal dyspraxia (DVD), also known as childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and developmental apraxia of speech (DAS), [3] [4] is an inability to utilize motor planning to perform movements necessary for speech during a child's language learning process. Although the causes differ between AOS and DVD, the main characteristics and ...