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2. Direct reduced iron - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reduced_iron

   Direct reduction processes can be divided roughly into two categories: gas-based and coal-based. In both cases, the objective of the process is to remove the oxygen contained in various forms of iron ore (sized ore, concentrates, pellets, mill scale, furnace dust, etc.) in order to convert the ore to metallic iron, without melting it (below 1,200 °C (2,190 °F)).

3. Direct reduction (blast furnace) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reduction_(blast...

   Direct reduction is the fraction of iron oxide reduction that occurs in a blast furnace due to the presence of coke carbon, while the remainder - indirect reduction - consists mainly of carbon monoxide from coke combustion. It should also be noted that many non-ferrous oxides are reduced by this type of reaction in a blast furnace.

4. Direct reduction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reduction

   New Zealand Steel steel complex, fed by direct reduction rotary furnaces (SL/RN process) [1] (capacity 650,000 t/year). [2] In the iron and steel industry, direct reduction is a set of processes for obtaining iron from iron ore, by reducing iron oxides without melting the metal. The resulting product is pre-reduced iron ore.

5. Mill scale - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mill_scale

   Mill scale is a complex oxide that contains around 70% iron with traces of nonferrous metals and alkaline compounds. Reduced iron powder may be obtained by conversion of mill scale into a single highest oxide i.e. hematite (Fe 2 O 3) followed by reduction with hydrogen.

6. Ellingham diagram - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellingham_diagram

   In the temperature ranges commonly used, the metal and the oxide are in a condensed state (solid or liquid), and oxygen is a gas with a much larger molar entropy. For the oxidation of each metal, the dominant contribution to the entropy change (ΔS) is the removal of 1 ⁄ 2 mol O 2, so that ΔS is negative and roughly equal for all metals.

7. Metal oxide adhesion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_oxide_adhesion

   The strength of metal oxide adhesion effectively determines the wetting of the metal-oxide interface. The strength of this adhesion is important, for instance, in production of light bulbs and fiber-matrix composites that depend on the optimization of wetting to create metal-ceramic interfaces. [ 1 ]

8. Walmart's Chocolate Chip Cookies Beat Top Brands in Taste Test

   www.aol.com/finance/walmarts-chocolate-chip...

   Price: $1.35 for 13 oz. Serving size: 3 cookies | Calories: 160 | Fat: 7 g | Sugars: 12 g Among the "classic" (i.e., crispy, crunchy) chocolate chip cookies we tasted, Aldi's was the least ...

9. Aluminothermic reaction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminothermic_reaction

   The oxide was heated with aluminium in a crucible in a furnace. The runaway reaction made it possible to produce only small quantities of material. Hans Goldschmidt improved the aluminothermic process between 1893 and 1898, by igniting the mixture of fine metal oxide and aluminium powder by a starter reaction without heating the mixture externally.