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Because of the complexity of selecting and following a regimen, the potential for side effects, and the importance of taking medications regularly to prevent viral resistance, such organizations emphasize the importance of involving patients in therapy choices and recommend analyzing the risks and the potential benefits. [7]
The drug works by inhibiting reverse transcriptase, the enzyme that copies HIV RNA into new viral DNA. By interfering with this process, which is central to the replication of HIV, emtricitabine can help to lower the amount of HIV, or " viral load ", in a patient's body and can indirectly increase the number of immune system cells (namely T ...
The use of antiretroviral therapies have decreased the risk of early mortality and improved the quality of life for people who are HIV-positive. A significant increase in the use of these medications have been seen over the years, from an estimated 7.7 million people receiving these antiretrovirals therapies in 2010, to approximately 24.5 million estimated people worldwide in 2018. [9]
Darunavir (DRV), sold under the brand name Prezista among others, is an antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS. [1] It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals.
Common side effects of ritonavir include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and numbness of the hands and feet. [8] Serious side effects include liver complications, pancreatitis, allergic reactions, and arrhythmias. [8] Serious interactions may occur with a number of other medications including amiodarone and simvastatin. [8]
Common side effects include headache, tiredness, trouble sleeping, abdominal pain, weight loss, and rash. [5] Serious side effects may include high blood lactate levels and enlargement of the liver. [7] Use of this medication during pregnancy does not appear to harm the fetus, but this has not been well studied. [1]
More severe side effects are hallucinations, sleeplessness and depression. [12] Recommended dosage for efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir is one tablet at or before bedtime. Side effects can be reduced if it is taken on an empty stomach. People with kidney or liver problems can take one tablet by mouth once a day.
Nevirapine (NVP), sold under the brand name Viramune among others, is a medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS, specifically HIV-1. [5] It is generally recommended for use with other antiretroviral medications. [5]