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Neonatal conjunctivitis is a form of conjunctivitis (inflammation of the outer eye) which affects newborn babies following birth. It is typically due to neonatal bacterial infection , although it can also be non-infectious (e.g. chemical exposure). [ 1 ]
Credé prophylaxis is the practice of washing a newborn's eyes with a 2% silver nitrate solution to protect against neonatal conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, thereby preventing blindness. [1] The Credé procedure was developed by the German physician Carl Siegmund Franz Credé who implemented it in his hospital in Leipzig in 1880 ...
Argyrol 10% is 20,000 ppm with particle sizing molecular range from <8 nm to average <14.3 nm. Argyrol is a local anti-infective most familiar for both ophthalmic and upper respiratory disinfection. Widely publicized for its value to resolve gonorrhea infections, it was known to prevent gonorrheal blindness and other pathogenic bacterial and ...
Side effects may include allergic reactions, eye pain, and dilated pupils. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] [ 3 ] It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe. [ 1 ] Nephazoline works by resulting in constriction of blood vessels thus decreasing redness while pheniramine works by blocking the effects of histamine to stop itching.
In infants that weigh under 1500 g, sepsis is the most common cause of death. Three to four percent of infants per 1000 births contract sepsis. The mortality rate from sepsis is near 25%. [36] Infected sepsis in an infant can be identified by culturing the blood and spinal fluid and if suspected, intravenous antibiotics are usually started.
Oxymetazoline, sold under the brand name Afrin among others, is a topical decongestant and vasoconstrictor medication. It is available over-the-counter as a nasal spray to treat nasal congestion and nosebleeds, as eye drops to treat eye redness due to minor irritation, and (in the United States) as a prescription topical cream to treat persistent facial redness due to rosacea in adults.
Epinastine (brand names Alesion, Elestat, Purivist, Relestat) is a second-generation antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer that is used in eye drops to treat allergic conjunctivitis. It is produced by Allergan and marketed by Inspire in the United States. [1] It is highly selective for the H 1 receptor and does not cross the blood-brain ...
Apraclonidine is useful in this case due to its weak α 1-adrenergic properties. When applied to the denervated (and thus hyper-sensitive) pupillary dilator muscle, a super-normal dilatory response is generated in which the pupil dilates to a degree greater than that which would be seen in a non-denervated muscle.