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Therefore, generalization is a valuable and integral part of learning and everyday life. Generalization is shown to have implications on the use of the spacing effect in educational settings. [13] In the past, it was thought that the information forgotten between periods of learning when implementing spaced presentation inhibited generalization ...
Bird with earthworm: Shepard gives example of bird using "generalization," based on experience with one previous worm, to decide if another worm is edible. The universal law of generalization is a theory of cognition stating that the probability of a response to one stimulus being generalized to another is a function of the “distance ...
Roger Newland Shepard (January 30, 1929 – May 30, 2022 [1]) was an American cognitive scientist and author of the "universal law of generalization" (1987).He was considered a father of research on spatial relations.
In behavioral psychology, the assumption of generality is the assumption that the results of experiments involving schedules of reinforcement, conducted on non-human subjects (often pigeons), can be generalized to apply to humans. [1] [2] [3] If the assumption holds, many aspects of daily human life can be understood in terms of these results ...
A generalization is a form of abstraction whereby common properties of specific instances are formulated as general concepts or claims. [1] Generalizations posit the existence of a domain or set of elements, as well as one or more common characteristics shared by those elements (thus creating a conceptual model ).
David Easton was the first to differentiate behavioralism from behaviorism in the 1950s (behaviorism is the term mostly associated with psychology). [15] In the early 1940s, behaviorism itself was referred to as a behavioral science and later referred to as behaviorism. However, Easton sought to differentiate between the two disciplines: [16]
Generalization [5] is the tendency to respond in the same way to different but similar stimuli; Recognition [5] describes a cognitive process that matches information from a stimulus with information retrieved from memory; Recall [5] is the mental process of retrieval of information from the past
As one of the leading theorists of his time, [1] Spence was the most cited psychologist in the 14 most influential psychology journals in the last six years of his life (1962 – 1967). [2] A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Spence as the 62nd most cited psychologist of the 20th century.