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The Japanese National Pension (Kokumin Nenkin (国民年金)) is a pension system that all registered residents of Japan, both Japanese and foreign, are required to enroll in. Since January 1, 2010, it has been managed by the Japan Pension Service .
The Basic Resident Registers Network (住民基本台帳ネットワーク, Jūmin kihon daichō nettowāku) or Juki Net (住基ネット, Jūki netto) is a national registry of Japanese citizens. It was ruled constitutional by the Supreme Court of Japan on March 6, 2008 [ 1 ] amidst strong opposition.
So this Japanese system of elderly dependence on both national pension and corporate pension has led to an increase in relative poverty as some of them do not have access to corporate pensions. Lastly, Japan is facing an aging population. Between 1975 and 1980, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.83 children per woman (OECD average − 2.26).
An Individual Number (個人番号, kojin bangō), also known as My Number (マイナンバー, mai nambā), is a twelve-digit ID number automatically issued to all citizens and residents of Japan (including foreign residents) used for taxation, social security and disaster response purposes. The numbers were first issued in late 2015. [1] [2] [3]
During the post-war period, a comprehensive system of social security was gradually established. [1] [2] Universal health insurance and a pension system were established in 1960. [3] The futures of health and welfare systems in Japan are being shaped by the rapid aging of the population. The mixture of public and private funding has created ...
The My Number Card (Japanese: マイナンバーカード, Hepburn: mai nanbā kādo), officially called the Individual Number Card in English, is an identity document issued to citizens of Japan and foreign residents which contains a unique 12-digit Individual Number (Japanese: 個人番号, Hepburn: kojin bangō) that serves as a national identification number. [1]
The Government Pension Investment Fund (GPIF) states that it has been established on the following investment principles: The overarching goal should be achieve the investment returns required for the public pension system with minimal risks, solely for the benefit of pension recipients from a long-term perspective, thereby contributing to the stability of the system.
Until July 9, 2012, only Japanese citizens were allowed to be listed on a jūminhyō; residents of other nationalities were recorded in a separate alien registration system. This two-tier resident registration system was a source of controversy within the foreign community in Japan, [8] particularly among international families where non ...