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It is the core area of the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve which includes a 10 km buffer zone around the park, including the populated coastal area. [1] The park has a high diversity of plants and animals in its marine, intertidal and near shore habitats. Public access inside the park is limited to glass-bottom boat rides. [2]
The Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve covers an area of 10,500 km 2 (4,100 sq mi) of ocean, 21 islands and the adjoining coastline. The islets and coastal buffer zone include beaches , estuaries , and tropical dry broadleaf forests , while the marine environments include seaweed communities, sea grass communities, coral reefs , salt marshes and ...
The sanctuary area is within the 15 m (49 ft) high embankments of the community irrigation tank.The total length of the embankment is 4.010 km (2.492 mi). The crescent-shaped Kanmoi starts at a northern point where an aqueduct from the Gundar river flows into the Kanmoi.
Nallathanni Island is situated in the Gulf of Mannar, at coordinates 9°06'28.80"N, 78°34'48.36"E, within Tamil Nadu's jurisdiction. The island is relatively small, covering an area of approximately 2 square kilometers, and is surrounded by shallow waters that teem with marine life.
Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary is a 1.04 km 2 (0.40 sq mi) Protected area near Mudukulathur Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu. India, declared in 1989.. It is adjacent to Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary.
The Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary covers an area of around 0.45 km 2 and is fed by an irrigation tank that receives water from the Mettur Dam. The tank remains dry between the months of April and August.
Little cormorant in the sanctuary. The lake is home to around 200 species of birds. [3] About 40 species of migratory birds visit the sanctuary after November everyear including golden oriole, openbill stork, tailor bird, painted stork, white ibis, white-breasted water-hen and spotted owlets. [1]
In addition, as the first marine biosphere reserve declared in India, this area has long been a national priority. The Gulf of Mannar and its 3,600 species of flora and fauna is one of the biologically richest coastal regions in all of the mainland of India.