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  2. Quasiperiodicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasiperiodicity

    Quasiperiodic behavior is almost but not quite periodic. [2] The term used to denote oscillations that appear to follow a regular pattern but which do not have a fixed period. The term thus used does not have a precise definition and should not be confused with more strictly defined mathematical concepts such as an almost periodic function or a ...

  3. Nonholonomic system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonholonomic_system

    A nonholonomic system in physics and mathematics is a physical system whose state depends on the path taken in order to achieve it. Such a system is described by a set of parameters subject to differential constraints and non-linear constraints, such that when the system evolves along a path in its parameter space (the parameters varying continuously in values) but finally returns to the ...

  4. Poinsot's ellipsoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poinsot's_ellipsoid

    In general, the object will follow a non-periodic path on this torus, but it may follow a periodic path. The time taken for L {\displaystyle \mathbf {L} } to complete one cycle around its track in the body frame is constant, but after a cycle the body will have rotated by an amount that may not be a rational number of degrees, in which case the ...

  5. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    Newton's laws are often stated in terms of point or particle masses, that is, bodies whose volume is negligible. This is a reasonable approximation for real bodies when the motion of internal parts can be neglected, and when the separation between bodies is much larger than the size of each.

  6. Dynamical system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamical_system

    The concept of a dynamical system has its origins in Newtonian mechanics.There, as in other natural sciences and engineering disciplines, the evolution rule of dynamical systems is an implicit relation that gives the state of the system for only a short time into the future.

  7. Quasiperiodic motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasiperiodic_motion

    Rectilinear motion along a line in a Euclidean space gives rise to a quasiperiodic motion if the space is turned into a torus (a compact space) by making every point equivalent to any other point situated in the same way with respect to the integer lattice (the points with integer coordinates), so long as the direction cosines of the rectilinear motion form irrational ratios.

  8. State of matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_matter

    Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many intermediate states are known to exist, such as liquid crystal , and some states only exist under extreme conditions, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and Fermionic condensates (in extreme cold), neutron-degenerate matter (in extreme density), and ...

  9. Orbit (dynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_(dynamics)

    periodic orbits; non-constant and non-periodic orbits; An orbit can fail to be closed in two ways. It could be an asymptotically periodic orbit if it converges to a periodic orbit. Such orbits are not closed because they never truly repeat, but they become arbitrarily close to a repeating orbit. An orbit can also be chaotic. These orbits come ...