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The Ixodidae are the family of hard ticks or scale ticks, [1] one of the three families of ticks, consisting of over 700 species. They are known as 'hard ticks' because they have a scutum or hard shield, which the other major family of ticks, the 'soft ticks' ( Argasidae ), lack.
Ixodes is a genus of hard-bodied ticks (family Ixodidae). It includes important disease vectors of animals and humans (tick-borne disease), and some species (notably Ixodes holocyclus) inject toxins that can cause paralysis. Some ticks in this genus may transmit the pathogenic bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi [3] responsible for causing Lyme disease.
Ticks are vectors of a number of diseases that affect both humans and other animals. [4] Despite their poor reputation among human communities, ticks may play an ecological role by culling infirm animals and preventing overgrazing of plant resources. [5] The Ixodidae are a family of ticks containing the hard ticks.
Ixodes ricinus, the castor bean tick, is a chiefly European species of hard-bodied tick. It may reach a length of 11 mm (0.43 in) when engorged with a blood meal, and can transmit both bacterial and viral pathogens such as the causative agents of Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis .
Ixodes angustus is a species of parasitic tick, whose range encompasses the majority of Canada [1] and the United States, [2] [3] along with parts of northern Mexico. [4] I. angustus is a member of the Ixodidae (hard-bodied) family of ticks. It is most abundant in cool, moist biomes such as riparian, boreal or montane zones. [1]
Ixodes persulcatus, the taiga tick, is a species of hard-bodied tick distributed from Europe through central and northern Asia to the People's Republic of China and Japan. [1] The sexual dimorphism of the species is marked, the male being much smaller than the female. [ 2 ]
Ixodes pacificus, the western black-legged tick, is a species of tick found on the western coast of North America. I. pacificus is a member of the family Ixodidae (hard ticks). It is the principal vector of Lyme disease in that region. I.
Rhipicephalus is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks, consisting of about 74 or 75 species. [2] [3] Most are native to tropical Africa. [2] Rhipicephalus ticks are commonly called 'the brown tick' as they are mostly brown in colour. [4] Most adult ticks in this genus do not have colour patterns on their scutum (inornate). [4]