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Eye strain, also known as asthenopia (from astheno- 'loss of strength' and -opia 'relating to the eyes'), is a common eye condition that manifests through non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, pain in or around the eyes, blurred vision, headache, and occasional double vision. [1]
Visual snow as a temporary occurrence under certain conditions is normal and doesn't require intervention. [citation needed] Visual snow syndrome is a pathological condition, where visual disturbances persist constantly and may be caused by issues in the visual or nervous system, requiring medical attention. [citation needed]
It is light-sensitive and communicates visual messages to the brain. If the retina detaches, it moves and shifts from its normal position. This can cause photopsia, but can also cause permanent vision loss. Medical attention is needed to prevent vision loss. Procedures may include laser treatment, freezing, or surgery.
Illusory palinopsia is a dysfunction in visual perception, presumably related to diffuse neuronal excitability alterations in the anterior and posterior visual pathways. [19] Because of the drugs that cause illusory palinopsia, 5-HT2a receptor excitotoxicity or a disruption of GABAergic transmission have been proposed as possible mechanisms.
Oscillopsia is a visual disturbance in which objects in the visual field appear to oscillate. The severity of the effect may range from a mild blurring to rapid and periodic jumping. [ 1 ] Oscillopsia is an incapacitating condition experienced by many patients with neurological disorders . [ 2 ]
A migrainous infarction is a rare type of ischaemic stroke which occurs in correspondence with migraine aura symptoms. [1] Symptoms include headaches, visual disturbances, strange sensations and dysphasia, all of which gradually worsen causing neurological changes which ultimately increase the risk of an ischaemic stroke. [2]
Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections. [11] Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma, among others. [12]
Gerstmann syndrome is typically associated with damage to the inferior parietal lobule of the dominant hemisphere. It is classically considered a left-hemisphere disorder, although right-hemisphere damage has also been associated with components of the syndrome. [2] It is named after Jewish Austrian-born American neurologist Josef Gerstmann. [3]