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A printable chart to make a spore print and start identification. The spore print is the powdery deposit obtained by allowing spores of a fungal fruit body to fall onto a surface underneath. It is an important diagnostic character in most handbooks for identifying mushrooms. It shows the colour of the mushroom spores if viewed en masse. [1]
Many types of cystidia exist, and assessing their presence, shape, and size is often used to verify the identification of a mushroom. [13] The most important microscopic feature for identification of mushrooms is the spores. Their color, shape, size, attachment, ornamentation, and reaction to chemical tests often can be the crux of an ...
Jack-O'lantern mushroom illudin S, illudin M, and muscarine [28] North America and Europe Cantharellus spp. Omphalotus japonicus: Tsukiyotake illudin S and illudin M [29] [30] [31] Asia Pleurotus ostreatus. Lentinula edodes. Sarcomyxa serotina. Omphalotus nidiformis: Ghost fungus illudin S, illudin M, and illudosin [32] Oceania and India ...
Melzer's reagent can be used to test whether spores are amyloid, nonamyloid, or dextrinoid. Spores that stain bluish-gray to bluish-black are amyloid; Spores that stain brown to reddish-brown are dextrinoid; This test is normally performed on white spored mushrooms. If the spores are not light colored, a change will not be readily apparent.
Dissecting the mushroom at this stage reveals a characteristic yellowish layer of skin under the veil, which helps identification. As the fungus grows, the red colour appears through the broken veil and the warts become less prominent; they do not change in size, but are reduced relative to the expanding skin area.
The spores range from white to cream to slightly yellow in deposit, although a spore print may be difficult to obtain given the shape of the fruit body. [4] The spores are formed in asci lining the pits—the ridges are sterile. [5] They are ellipsoidal, smooth, thin-walled, translucent , and measure 17.5–21.9 by 8.8–11.0 μm.
The mushroom sometimes develops a pale green band at the top of the stipe. [11] The spore print is white to light cream. [10] Spores of R. brevipes are egg-shaped to more or less spherical, and measure 7.5–10 by 6.5–8.5 μm; [9] they have a partially reticulate (network-like) surface dotted with warts measuring up to 1 μm high. [4]
The spore print is pink, and the spores are inamyloid and ellipsoid. They measure 7-8 ×3-4.5 μm.The basidia measure 24.93-25.26 x 6.7-7.4 μm and have 4 spores each. The sterigmata are 1.5-1.75 μm in size. Clamp connections are present. [4]
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