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In sailing and boating, a vessel's freeboard is the distance from the waterline to the upper deck level, measured at the lowest point of sheer where water can enter the boat or ship. [1] In commercial vessels, the latter criterion measured relative to the ship's load line , regardless of deck arrangements, is the mandated and regulated meaning.
In geometry, a spherical sector, [1] also known as a spherical cone, [2] is a portion of a sphere or of a ball defined by a conical boundary with apex at the center of the sphere. It can be described as the union of a spherical cap and the cone formed by the center of the sphere and the base of the cap.
The external surface area A of the cap equals r2 only if solid angle of the cone is exactly 1 steradian. Hence, in this figure θ = A/2 and r = 1. The solid angle of a cone with its apex at the apex of the solid angle, and with apex angle 2 θ, is the area of a spherical cap on a unit sphere
Initially the second moment of area increases as the surface area increases, increasing BM, so Mφ moves to the opposite side, thus increasing the stability arm. When the deck is flooded, the stability arm rapidly decreases. The centre of buoyancy is at the centre of mass of the volume of water that the hull displaces.
The solid angle subtended is the same as that of a cone with the same projected area. A solid angle of one steradian subtends a cone aperture of approximately 1.144 radians or 65.54 degrees. In the SI, solid angle is considered to be a dimensionless quantity, the ratio of the area projected onto a surrounding sphere and the square of the sphere ...
Girard form class is a form quotient calculated as the ratio of diameter inside bark at the top of the first 16 foot log to the diameter outside bark at breast height ().Its purpose is to estimate board-foot volume of whole trees from measurement of DBH, estimation of the number of logs, and estimation of the taper of the first log, based on the general relationships identified between the ...
The lateral surface area of a right circular cone is = where is the radius of the circle at the bottom of the cone and is the slant height of the cone. [4] The surface area of the bottom circle of a cone is the same as for any circle, . Thus, the total surface area of a right circular cone can be expressed as each of the following: Radius and ...
Used mainly to determine the minimum water depth for safe passage of a vessel and to calculate the vessel's displacement (obtained from ship's stability tables) so as to determine the mass of cargo on board. Draft, Air – Air Draft/Draught is the distance from the water line to the highest point on a ship (including antennas) while it is ...