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The definition of "fetal death" promulgated by the World Health Organization in 1950 is as follows: "Fetal death" means death prior to the complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of a product of human conception, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy and which is not an induced termination of pregnancy. [63]
Fetal viability is the ability of a human fetus to survive outside the uterus. Viability depends upon factors such as birth weight , gestational age, and the availability of advanced medical care . In low-income countries , more than 90% of extremely preterm newborns (less than 28 weeks gestational age ) die due to a lack of said medical care ...
Fetal mortality refers to stillbirths or fetal death. [9] It encompasses any death of a fetus after 20 weeks of gestation or 500 gm. In some definitions of the PNM early fetal mortality (week 20–27 gestation) is not included, and the PNM may only include late fetal death and neonatal death.
Stillbirth is defined as fetal death after 20 or 28 weeks of pregnancy, depending on the source. It results in a baby born without signs of life. Each year about 21,000 babies are stillborn in the U.S. [159] Sadness, anxiety, and guilt may occur after a miscarriage or a stillbirth. Emotional support may help with processing the loss. [160]
Of the twelve viable children known to be delivered from brain dead mothers on prolonged somatic support between 1982 and 2010, the mean gestational age at the time of brain death was 22 weeks and the mean gestational age at delivery was 29.5 weeks, leading to an average length of somatic support for the mothers in the ICU of 7.5 weeks (52.5 days).
A human fetus, attached to placenta, at three months gestational age. In humans, the fetal stage starts nine weeks after fertilization. [7] At this time the fetus is typically about 30 millimetres (1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) in length from crown to rump, and weighs about 8 grams. [7] The head makes up nearly half of the size of the fetus. [8]
A woman may choose to end her pregnancy by abortion. Miscarriage, also known as spontaneous abortion and pregnancy loss, is the natural death of an embryo or fetus before it is able to survive independently. [6] [7] Some use the cutoff of 20 weeks of gestation, after which fetal death is known as a stillbirth. [8]
Pregnancy loss is the loss of an embryo or fetus. The terms early pregnancy loss and late pregnancy loss are often used but there is no consensus over their definitions. Unintentional pregnancy loss