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Decanting a liquid from a solid. Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures of immiscible liquids or of a liquid and a solid mixture such as a suspension. [1] The layer closer to the top of the container—the less dense of the two liquids, or the liquid from which the precipitate or sediment has settled out—is poured off, leaving denser liquid or the solid behind.
All of these solvents form a clear delineation between the two liquids. [2] The more dense liquid, typically the aqueous phase unless the organic phase is halogenated, sinks to the bottom of the funnel and can be drained out through a valve away from the less dense liquid, which remains in the separatory funnel. [3]
These are used to decant two immiscible fluids. It can be graduated, though this is not very common. Hirsch funnels are shaped much like normal funnels, but contain holes or sintered glass at the base for quick filtrations. Dropping funnels are a cylindrical, regularly graduated funnel with standard taper ground glass joints. These are often ...
A self-pressurising dewar (silver) being filled with liquid nitrogen from a larger storage tank (white). A cryogenic storage dewar (or simply dewar) is a specialised type of vacuum flask used for storing cryogens (such as liquid nitrogen or liquid helium), whose boiling points are much lower than room temperature.
Cascade cycles may be separated by either being sealed in separated loops or in what is referred to as an "auto-cascade", where the gases are compressed as a mixture but separated as one refrigerant condenses into a liquid while the other continues as a gas through the rest of the cycle.
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A cooling bath or ice bath, in laboratory chemistry practice, is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low temperatures, typically between 13 °C and −196 °C. These low temperatures are used to collect liquids after distillation , to remove solvents using a rotary evaporator , or to perform a chemical reaction below room temperature ...
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