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Microbiology (from Ancient Greek μῑκρος (mīkros) 'small' βίος (bíos) ' life ' and -λογία ( -logía) 'study of') is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being of unicellular (single-celled), multicellular (consisting of complex cells), or acellular (lacking cells). [ 1][ 2] Microbiology encompasses numerous sub ...
Bacteria (/ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i ə / ⓘ; sg.: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats.
Bacteriology: the study of bacteria. Mycology: the study of fungi. Protozoology: the study of protozoa. Phycology /algology: the study of algae. Parasitology: the study of parasites. Immunology: the study of the immune system. Virology: the study of viruses. Nematology: the study of nematodes.
Bacteriology is the branch and specialty of biology that studies the morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry of bacteria as well as many other aspects related to them. This subdivision of microbiology involves the identification, classification, and characterization of bacterial species. [ 1] Because of the similarity of thinking and ...
A microbiological culture, or microbial culture, is a method of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in predetermined culture medium under controlled laboratory conditions. Microbial cultures are foundational and basic diagnostic methods used as research tools in molecular biology . The term culture can also refer to the ...
This is because microbiologists are able to cultivate only a minority of naturally occurring microbes using current laboratory techniques, depending on the environment. [ 1] Microbial ecology (or environmental microbiology) is the ecology of microorganisms: their relationship with one another and with their environment.
Medical microbiology. A microbiologist examining cultures under a dissecting microscope. Medical microbiology, the large subset of microbiology that is applied to medicine, is a branch of medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. In addition, this field of science studies various clinical ...
Microbial phylogenetics. Microbial phylogenetics is the study of the manner in which various groups of microorganisms are genetically related. This helps to trace their evolution. [ 1][ 2] To study these relationships biologists rely on comparative genomics, as physiology and comparative anatomy are not possible methods. [ 3]