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Boost the supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles (by increasing heart rate and stroke volume, vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure, breakdown of lipids in fat cells) Increase skeletal muscle readiness. Dopamine. Chromaffin cells. Increase heart rate and blood pressure.
Organogenesis. Organogenesis is the phase of embryonic development that starts at the end of gastrulation and continues until birth. During organogenesis, the three germ layers formed from gastrulation (the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm) form the internal organs of the organism. [ 1]
Human anatomy. This article contains a list of organs in the human body. It is widely believed that there are 79 organs (this number goes up if you count each bone and muscle as an organ on their own, which is becoming a more common practice [ 1][ 2] ); however, there is no universal standard definition of what constitutes an organ, and some ...
Germ layer. A germ layer is a primary layer of cells that forms during embryonic development. [ 1] The three germ layers in vertebrates are particularly pronounced; however, all eumetazoans ( animals that are sister taxa to the sponges) produce two or three primary germ layers. Some animals, like cnidarians, produce two germ layers (the ...
The extracellular fluid compartment is further subdivided into the interstitial fluid and the intravascular fluid compartments. Body fluids, bodily fluids, or biofluids, sometimes body liquids, are liquids within the body of an organism. [ 1] In lean healthy adult men, the total body water is about 60% (60–67%) of the total body weight; it is ...
Interstitium. The interstitium is a contiguous fluid-filled space existing between a structural barrier, such as a cell membrane or the skin, and internal structures, such as organs, including muscles and the circulatory system. [ 1][ 2] The fluid in this space is called interstitial fluid, comprises water and solutes, and drains into the lymph ...
Nervous system in a human body. There are 11 distinct organ systems in human beings, [2] which form the basis of human anatomy and physiology.The 11 organ systems: the respiratory system, digestive and excretory system, circulatory system, urinary system, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, endocrine system, lymphatic system, nervous system, and reproductive system.
Excretory system. The excretory system is a passive biological system that removes excess, unnecessary materials from the body fluids of an organism, so as to help maintain internal chemical homeostasis and prevent damage to the body. The dual function of excretory systems is the elimination of the waste products of metabolism and to drain the ...