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Coelom. Cross-section of an oligochaete worm. The worm's body cavity surrounds the central typhlosole. The coelom (or celom) [ 1] is the main body cavity in many animals [ 2] and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other organs. In some animals, it is lined with mesothelium.
The organs known as the accessory digestive organs are the liver, gall bladder and pancreas. Other components include the mouth, salivary glands, tongue, teeth and epiglottis . The largest structure of the digestive system is the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). This starts at the mouth and ends at the anus, covering a distance of about nine ...
Role in disease. Mesothelioma: ( cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells of the mesothelium become abnormal and divide without control or order. They can invade and damage nearby tissues and organs. Cancer cells can also metastasize (spread) from their original site to other parts of the body. Most cases of mesothelioma begin in ...
Gastrointestinal physiology is the branch of human physiology that addresses the physical function of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The function of the GI tract is to process ingested food by mechanical and chemical means, extract nutrients and excrete waste products. The GI tract is composed of the alimentary canal, that runs from the mouth ...
Excess free water or hypotonic water can leave the body in two ways – sensible loss such as osmotic diuresis, sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, and insensible water loss, occurring mainly through the skin and respiratory tract. In humans, dehydration can be caused by a wide range of diseases and states that impair water homeostasis in the body ...
The cell membranes are the outer barrier. In humans, the intracellular compartment contains on average about 28 liters (6.2 imp gal; 7.4 U.S. gal) of fluid, and under ordinary circumstances remains in osmotic equilibrium. It contains moderate quantities of magnesium and sulfate ions. In the cell nucleus, the fluid component of the nucleoplasm ...
In humans, the bladder is a hollow muscular organ situated at the base of the pelvis. In gross anatomy , the bladder can be divided into a broad fundus (base), a body, an apex, and a neck. [ 5 ] The apex (also called the vertex) is directed forward toward the upper part of the pubic symphysis , and from there the median umbilical ligament ...
Cold showers may also improve mood and energy or mental alertness, which Dr. Rachelle Reed, an exercise physiologist in Athens, Georgia, has experienced, she said. “You sort of feel a little bit ...