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  2. Takeoff and landing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeoff_and_landing

    Takeoff is the phase of flight in which an aircraft goes through a transition from moving along the ground (taxiing) to flying in the air, usually starting on a runway. For balloons, helicopters and some specialized fixed-wing aircraft (VTOL aircraft such as the Harrier), no runway is needed. Takeoff is the opposite of landing.

  3. Airfield traffic pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airfield_traffic_pattern

    An airfield traffic pattern is a standard path followed by aircraft when taking off or landing while maintaining visual contact with the airfield. At an airport, the pattern (or circuit) is a standard path for coordinating air traffic. It differs from "straight-in approaches" and "direct climb-outs" in that an aircraft using a traffic pattern ...

  4. Flight envelope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_envelope

    In aerodynamics, the flight envelope, service envelope, or performance envelope of an aircraft or spacecraft refers to the capabilities of a design in terms of airspeed and load factor or atmospheric density, often simplified to altitude. [1][2] The term is somewhat loosely applied, and can also refer to other measurements such as maneuverability.

  5. Runway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runway

    When taking off from or landing on runway 09, a plane is heading around 90° (east). A runway can normally be used in both directions, and is named for each direction separately: e.g., "runway 15" in one direction is "runway 33" when used in the other. The two numbers differ by 18 (= 180°).

  6. Wing configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_configuration

    The wing configuration of a fixed-wing aircraft (including both gliders and powered aeroplanes) is its arrangement of lifting and related surfaces. Aircraft designs are often classified by their wing configuration. For example, the Supermarine Spitfire is a conventional low wing cantilever monoplane of straight elliptical planform with moderate ...

  7. Balanced field takeoff - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanced_field_takeoff

    Balanced field takeoff. In aviation, a balanced field takeoff is a condition where the takeoff distance required (TODR) with one engine inoperative and the accelerate-stop distance are equal for the aircraft weight, engine thrust, aircraft configuration and runway condition. [1] For a given aircraft weight, engine thrust, aircraft configuration ...

  8. Touch-and-go landing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch-and-go_landing

    Touch-and-go landing. In aviation, a touch-and-go landing (TGL) [1] or circuit and bump is a maneuver that is common when learning to fly a fixed-wing aircraft. It involves landing on a runway and taking off again without coming to a full stop. Usually the pilot then circles the airport in a defined pattern known as a circuit and repeats the ...

  9. Flight deck - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_deck

    HMS Argus showing the full-length flight deck from bow to stern ROKS Dokdo's full length flight deck The first aircraft carrier that began to show the configuration of the modern vessel was the converted liner HMS Argus, which had a large flat wooden deck added over the entire length of the hull, giving a combined landing and take-off deck unobstructed by superstructure turbulence.