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The history of Sofia, Bulgaria's capital and largest city, spans thousands of years from Antiquity to modern times, during which the city has been a commercial, industrial, cultural and economic centre in its region and the Balkans.
Sofia, capital of Bulgaria. It is situated near the geographical center of the Balkans region, in the Sofia Basin, a troughlike valley in the western part of the country. It was liberated from Ottoman rule by Russian troops on January 4, 1878, and was designated the Bulgarian capital on April 3, 1879.
Sofia (/ ˈ s oʊ f i ə, ˈ s ɒ f-, s oʊ ˈ f iː ə / SOH-fee-ə, SOF-; [15] [16] Bulgarian: София, romanized: Sofiya, [17] [18] IPA: ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria.It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain, in the western part of the country. The city is built west of the Iskar river and has many mineral springs, such as the Sofia ...
Although Ivan Shishman, Bulgaria’s last medieval tsar, declared himself a vassal of Murad in 1371, the Ottomans continued to seek complete domination. Sofia, in the west, was seized in 1382, and Shumen, in the east, fell in 1388.
Starting from the 17th century, Sofia, mirroring the broader decline of the Ottoman Empire and the cessation of its expansive military campaigns into Central Europe, began to experience a gradual downturn.
Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is a city that has seen millennia of history go by, leaving indelible traces in its culture and architecture. Its strategic location at the crossroads between Europe and Asia has made it a central point of trade, culture and power over the centuries.
The history of Sofia spans thousands of years from Antiquity to modern times, during which the city has been a commercial, industrial, cultural and economic center in the Balkan region. The first settlement has been set up in the 7 th millennium BC.
The capital of Sofia grew by a factor of 600% - from 20,000 population in 1878 to 120,000 in 1912, primarily from peasants who arrived from the villages to become laborers, tradesman and office seekers. Macedonians used Bulgaria as a base, beginning in 1894, to agitate for independence from the Ottoman Empire.
Sofia’s rich history, shaped by both Roman and Ottoman rule, has made it a treasure trove of historical artifacts and architectural marvels. The city’s past continues to shape its present, making Sofia a captivating destination for history enthusiasts and cultural explorers.
One of the oldest cities in Europe, the history of Sofia (Thracian name Serdika, ancient Bulgarian name: Sredetz) can be traced back some 7000 years ago – prehistoric settlements were excavated in the centre of the present city.