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Other causes of congenital hearing loss that are not hereditary in nature include prenatal infections, illnesses, toxins consumed by the mother during pregnancy or other conditions occurring at the time of birth or shortly thereafter. These conditions typically cause sensorineural hearing loss ranging from mild to profound in degree. [3]
The most common type of congenital hearing loss in developed countries is DFNB1, also known as connexin 26 deafness or GJB2-related deafness. The most common dominant syndromic forms of hearing loss include Stickler syndrome and Waardenburg syndrome. The most common recessive syndromic forms of hearing loss are Pendred syndrome and Usher syndrome.
Hearing loss is a partial or total inability to hear. [5] Hearing loss may be present at birth or acquired at any time afterwards. [6] [7] Hearing loss may occur in one or both ears. [2] In children, hearing problems can affect the ability to acquire spoken language, and in adults it can create difficulties with social interaction and at work. [8]
They are used for congenital hearing loss when changes to the shape of the inner ear or nerve of hearing may help diagnosis of the cause of the hearing loss. They are also useful in cases where a tumour is suspected or to determine the degree of damage in a hearing loss caused by bacterial infection or auto-immune disease.
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) is a rare type of long QT syndrome associated with severe, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. [ 2 ] Those with JLNS are at risk of abnormal heart rhythms called arrhythmias, which can lead to fainting, seizures, or sudden death. JLNS, like other forms of long QT syndrome, causes the cardiac muscle to ...
Santos–Mateus–Leal syndrome, also known as Hirschsprung's disease-deafness-polydactyly syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive limb malformation which is characterized by Hirschsprung's disease, feet and hand polydactyly, unilateral renal agenesis, and congenital hearing loss. [2] [3] Only 2 cases have been described in medical literature.
The types of hearing loss reported in patients differ over a great spectrum. Some of which could be bilateral or unilateral, sensorineural sometimes a combination of different ones in each ear. The most common loss types reported for type 1 are profound and bilateral. Waardenburg type 1 is estimated to cause 3% of overall congenital deaf ...
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a newborn baby. [1] Most have no symptoms. [1] Some affected babies are small. [1] Other signs and symptoms include a rash, jaundice, hepatomegaly, retinitis, and seizures. [1] [2] It may lead to loss of hearing or vision, developmental disability, or a small head. [1]