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Induced myopia, also known as acquired myopia, sometimes reversible myopic shift, results from various medications, increases in glucose levels, nuclear sclerosis, oxygen toxicity (e.g., from underwater diving or from oxygen and hyperbaric therapy) or other anomalous conditions.
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a vision condition where close objects look clear but far objects look blurry. This occurs when the shape of the eye causes light rays to bend and focus in front of ...
[2] [7] If the hypermetropia is high, there will be defective vision for both distance and near. [2] People may also experience accommodative dysfunction, binocular dysfunction, amblyopia, and strabismus. [3] Newborns are almost invariably hypermetropic, but it gradually decreases as the newborn gets older. [6] There are many causes for this ...
This causes a myopic shift (lenticular shift) that decreases hyperopia and enables presbyopic patients to see at near without reading glasses. This is only temporary and is called second sight. [43] Cortical cataracts are due to the lens cortex (outer layer) becoming opaque. They occur when changes in the fluid contained in the periphery of the ...
Spherical aberration exacerbates myopia in low light (night myopia). In brighter conditions, the pupil constricts, blocking the more peripheral rays and minimizing the effect of spherical aberration. As the pupil enlarges, more peripheral rays enter the eye and the focus shifts anteriorly, making the patient slightly more myopic in low-light ...
Once presbyopia occurs, those who are emmetropic (i.e., do not require optical correction for distance vision) will need an optical aid for near vision; those who are myopic (nearsighted and require an optical correction for distance or far vision), will find that they see better at near without their distance correction; and those who are ...
When refractive errors in children are not treated, the child may be at risk of developing ambylopia, where vision may remain permanently blurry. [32] Because young children typically do not complain of blurry vision, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children have yearly vision screening starting at three years old so that unknown refractive errors or other ophthalmic ...
Hypermetropia: Young hypermetropes use excessive accommodation as a physiological adaptation in the interest of clear vision. Myopia: Young myopes performing excessive near work may also use excessive accommodation in association with excessive convergence. Astigmatism: Astigmatic eye may also be associated with accommodative excess.