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The first is the term "provincial court", which has two quite different meanings, depending on context. The first, and most general meaning, is that a provincial court is a court established by the legislature of a province, under its constitutional authority over the administration of justice in the province, set out in s. 92(14) of the Constitution Act, 1867. [2]
The Constitution Act, 1867 divides the responsibility between the federal and provincial jurisdictions. Together with the grant under s. 92(14), s. 91(27) carves out "Procedure in Criminal Matters," while s. 96 requires the appointment of "the Judges of the Superior, District, and County Courts in each Province" to be done by the Governor General in Council, and s. 101 grants the Parliament of ...
The Parliament of Canada (French: Parlement du Canada) is the federal legislature of Canada, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, and is composed of three parts: the King, the Senate, and the House of Commons. [2] By constitutional convention, the House of Commons is dominant, with the Senate rarely opposing its will. The Senate reviews ...
The Supreme Court of Canada in Ottawa, west of Parliament Hill. The legal system of Canada is pluralist: its foundations lie in the English common law system (inherited from its period as a colony of the British Empire), the French civil law system (inherited from its French Empire past), [1] [2] and Indigenous law systems [3] developed by the various Indigenous Nations.
Section 101 gives Parliament power to create a "general court of appeal for Canada" and "additional Courts for the better Administration of the Laws of Canada". Parliament has used this power to create the Supreme Court of Canada and lower federal courts. It has created the Supreme Court under both branches of s. 101. [13]
The politics of Canada functions within a framework of parliamentary democracy and a federal system of parliamentary government with strong democratic traditions. [1] Canada is a constitutional monarchy where the monarch is the ceremonial head of state.
Canada's electoral system, sometimes referred to as a "first-past-the-post" system, is formally referred to as a single-member plurality system.The candidate with the most votes in a riding wins a seat in the House of Commons and represents that riding as its member of Parliament (MP).
The Parliament of Canada is the legislative body of the government of Canada. The Parliament is composed of the House of Commons (lower house), the Senate (upper house), and the sovereign, represented by the governor general. Most major legislation originates from the House, as it is the only body that is directly elected.