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degrees and decimal minutes: 40° 26.767′ N 79° 58.933′ W; decimal degrees: +40.446 -79.982; There are 60 minutes in a degree and 60 seconds in a minute. Therefore, to convert from a degrees minutes seconds format to a decimal degrees format, one may use the formula
degrees-minutes-decimal minutes (DMM or DDM): 38°53.388' N, 077°02.193' W decimal degrees (DDD or DD): 38.88980°, -077.03654° This format ambiguity has led to confusion with potentially serious consequences, particularly in emergency situations.
The Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) [1] is the geocoordinate standard used by NATO militaries for locating points on Earth. The MGRS is derived from the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid system and the Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) grid system, but uses a different labeling convention. The MGRS is used as geocode for the ...
Under the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction CJCSI 3900.01C dated 30 June 2007, GARS was adopted for use by the US DoD as "the “area-centric” counterpart to the “point-centric” MGRS". It uses the WGS 1984 Datum and is based on lines of longitude (LONG) and latitude (LAT). It is intended to provide an integrated common ...
A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude. [1] It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used type of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others.
Decimal degrees are an alternative to using sexagesimal degrees (degrees, minutes, and seconds - DMS notation). As with latitude and longitude, the values are bounded by ±90° and ±180° respectively. Positive latitudes are north of the equator, negative latitudes are south of the equator.
Degrees, minutes and seconds, when used, must each be separated by a pipe ("|"). Map datum must be WGS84 if possible (except for off-Earth bodies). Avoid excessive precision (0.0001° is <11 m, 1″ is <31 m). Maintain consistency of decimal places or minutes/seconds between latitude and longitude. Latitude (N/S) must appear before longitude (E/W).
Cities must be specified with a precision of degrees, minutes and seconds to respect historical norms. When the #Which coordinates to use guideline is used, degrees, minutes and seconds or d.dddd are the default. To specify a particular point in the city, such as a building, generally requires precision down to degrees-minutes-seconds or d.dddd ...