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Created during World War I by executive order of President Woodrow Wilson after America entered the war in April 1917 as the increasing use of airplanes and the military uses of aviation were readily apparent as the war continued to its climax, the U.S. Army Air Service gained permanent legislative authority in 1920 as a combatant arm of the ...
Out of a paper strength of about 230 aircraft belonging to the army in August 1914 only 180 or so were of any use. [6] The French military aviation exercises of 1911, 1912, and 1913 had pioneered cooperation with the cavalry (reconnaissance) and artillery (spotting), but the momentum was, if anything, slacking. [7]
When the United States entered World War I, the exhausted British and French forces wanted American troops in the trenches of the Western Front as soon as possible. By 1917, aerial warfare was also considered key to the success of the ground forces, and in May 1917, The French, in particular, asked the Americans to also bolster Allied air power.
The helicopter was not configured to handle stretchers, and they removed a seat and placed the wounded man on the aircraft floor. Carle flew the soldier to the 311th General Field Hospital near Manila. Once word got out of their availability, they were called on again and again. Carle flew seven hours and made six evacuations on the same day. [16]
The First Army Air Service was the largest and most diverse Air Service combat organization of the American Expeditionary Forces in France, and most American Air Service combat units were assigned to it when assigned to the front. The organization was demobilized in France on 15 April 1919 with the demobilization of the United States First Army.
The assigned 1st Aero Squadron was the first American air unit to ever see action in France, being the same unit which served under General John J. Pershing as part of the Pancho Villa Expedition while chasing Pancho Villa into Mexico in 1916. Assigned to the I Corps, United States Army Air Service, First United States Army. Commenced active ...
By the end of the war, the Air Service used 45 squadrons to cover 137 kilometers (85 miles) of front from Pont-à-Mousson to Sedan. 71 pursuit pilots were credited with shooting down five or more German aircraft while in American service. Overall the Air Service destroyed 756 enemy aircraft and 76 balloons in combat. 17 balloon companies also ...
82nd Division ("All-American Division") 5 August 1917 18 July 1918 Maj. Gen. Eben Swift Maj. Gen. William P. Burnham Maj. Gen. George B. Duncan: Saint-Mihiel Meuse–Argonne: 83rd Division ("Ohio Division") 5 August 1917 None (Depot Division) Maj. Gen. Edwin F. Glenn Brig. Gen. Willard A. Holbrook: Vittorio Veneto (332nd Infantry only)