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Much of the inspiration for the book, as well as the term "monkeywrenching", came from Edward Abbey's 1975 novel The Monkey Wrench Gang.Other inspiration for the book likely came from the 1972 book Ecotage!, which was published by the group Environmental Action and was in turn inspired by the actions of an activist in the Chicago, Illinois area who called himself "The Fox", and engaged in such ...
The Monkey Wrench Gang is a novel written by American author Edward Abbey (1927–1989), published in 1975.. Abbey's most famous work of fiction, the novel concerns the use of sabotage to protest environmentally damaging activities in the Southwestern United States, and was so influential that the term "monkeywrench," often used as a verb, has come to mean, besides sabotage and damage to ...
The term "monkeywrenching", in the sense of sabotage, derives from the book. [1] [2] [3] The 1985 film Pale Rider, directed by and starring Clint Eastwood, likewise frames eco-terrorism positively; in the film, the vigilante justice morality which is a common feature of the Western genre is applied to environmentally destructive mining ...
All damage figures below are in United States dollars.Some well-known acts of ecotage have included: Circa 1969–1985; ecological activist James F. Phillips, operating covertly under the codename "The Fox", carried out a series of ecotage actions and subvertising campaigns against corporations that were polluting the Fox River in Illinois.
Founded in the early 1990's, the ELF uses arson and sabotage, which it collectively calls "monkeywrenching," to strike out against people, companies, and groups that it feels are exploiting the Earth.
Ecodefense: A Field Guide to Monkeywrenching [75] David Foreman and Bill Haywood (Editors) Non-fiction Green anarchism, Direct action: 1986 The Abolition of Work and Other Essays: Bob Black: Non-fiction Individualist anarchism: 1987 Christian Anarchy: Jesus' Primacy Over the Powers [76] [77] Vernard Eller: Non-fiction Christian anarchism: 1988
The following story was widespread from the late 19th and early 20th centuries: That handy tool, the "monkey-wrench", is not so named because it is a handy thing to monkey with, or for any kindred reason.
The account claimed to review the textual evidence available [2] from ancient sources on two disputed Bible passages: 1 John 5:7 and 1 Timothy 3:16. Newton describes this letter as "an account of what the reading has been in all ages, and what steps it has been changed, as far as I can hitherto determine by records", [ 3 ] and "a criticism ...