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A curved I–V line represents a nonlinear resistance, such as a diode. In this type the resistance varies with the applied voltage or current. Negative resistance vs positive resistance: If the I–V curve has a positive slope (increasing to the right) throughout, it represents a positive resistance.
If the semiconductor is translucent, the junction becomes the source of light, thus becoming a light-emitting diode. I-V diagram for a diode. An LED begins to emit light when more than 2 or 3 volts is applied in the forward direction.
A diode's high resistance to current flowing in the reverse direction suddenly drops to a low resistance when the reverse voltage across the diode reaches a value called the breakdown voltage. This effect is used to regulate voltage ( Zener diodes ) or to protect circuits from high voltage surges ( avalanche diodes ).
The Shockley diode equation relates the diode current of a p-n junction diode to the diode voltage .This relationship is the diode I-V characteristic: = (), where is the saturation current or scale current of the diode (the magnitude of the current that flows for negative in excess of a few , typically 10 −12 A).
A semiconductor diode is a device typically made from a single p–n junction.At the junction of a p-type and an n-type semiconductor, there forms a depletion region where current conduction is inhibited by the lack of mobile charge carriers.
The laser diode chip removed and placed on the eye of a needle for scale A laser diode with the case cut away. The laser diode chip is the small black chip at the front; a photodiode at the back is used to control output power. SEM (scanning electron microscope) image of a commercial laser diode with its case and window cut away. The anode ...
In an organic light-emitting diode , the electroluminescent material composing the emissive layer of the diode is an organic compound. The organic material is electrically conductive due to the delocalization of pi electrons caused by conjugation over all or part of the molecule, and the material therefore functions as an organic semiconductor ...
The reverse bias rating of the N-drift region to collector P+ diode is usually only of tens of volts, so if the circuit application applies a reverse voltage to the IGBT, an additional series diode must be used. The minority carriers injected into the N-drift region take time to enter and exit or recombine at turn-on and turn-off.