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The structure of H + 3 The MO diagram of the trihydrogen cation. The three hydrogen atoms in the molecule form an equilateral triangle , with a bond length of 0.90 Å on each side. The bonding among the atoms is a three-center two-electron bond , a delocalized resonance hybrid type of structure.
3 ions can be made in a duoplasmatron where an electric discharge passed through low pressure molecular hydrogen. This causes some H 2 to become H + 2. Then H 2 + H + 2 → H + 3 + H. The reaction is exothermic with an energy of 1.7 eV, so the ions produced are hot with much vibrational energy.
Homonuclear triatomic molecules contain three of the same kind of atom. That molecule will be an allotrope of that element. Ozone, O 3 is an example of a triatomic molecule with all atoms the same. Triatomic hydrogen, H 3, is unstable and breaks up spontaneously. H 3 +, the trihydrogen cation is stable by itself and is symmetric.
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In many common bonds of this type, the bonding orbital is shifted towards two of the three atoms instead of being spread equally among all three. Example molecules with 3c–2e bonds are the trihydrogen cation (H + 3) and diborane (B 2 H 6). In these two structures, the three atoms in each 3c-2e bond form an angular geometry, leading to a bent ...
Trihydrogen cation (H + 3), one of the most abundant ions in the universe; Tritium (3 H), or hydrogen-3, an isotope of hydrogen; ATC code H03 Thyroid therapy, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System; British NVC community H3, a heath community of the British National Vegetation Classification system
English: This figure shows structure of H 3 +. The arrangement of the hydrogen atoms in the ion is equilateral triangle. The arrangement of the hydrogen atoms in the ion is equilateral triangle. Length between two H atoms is about 9.0 × 10 -11 m, which is derived from the rotational constants(B 0 = 43cm -1 , C 0 = 20cm -1 ).
Water molecules have two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. While H 2 is not very reactive under standard conditions, it does form compounds with most elements. Hydrogen can form compounds with elements that are more electronegative, such as halogens (F, Cl, Br, I), or oxygen; in these compounds hydrogen takes on a partial positive charge. [1]