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The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system and provides the nasal passage for inhaled air from the nostrils to the nasopharynx and rest of the respiratory tract. The paranasal sinuses surround and drain into the nasal cavity.
The borders of each nasal cavity are a roof, floor, medial wall (the septum), and lateral wall. [2] [3] The middle part of the roof of the nasal cavity is composed of the horizontal, perforated cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, through which pass sensory fibres of the olfactory nerve into the cranial cavity. [2]
The canal containing the duct is called the nasolacrimal canal.It is formed by indentations in the inferior nasal conchae, maxilla and lacrimal bone.The canal drains into the nasal cavity through the anterior portion of the inferior meatus, which is between the inferior concha and the floor of the nasal cavity.
The fleshy external end of the nasal septum is called the columella or columella nasi, and is made up of cartilage and soft tissue. [2] The nasal septum contains bone and hyaline cartilage. [3] It is normally about 2 mm thick. [4] The nasal septum is composed of four structures: Maxillary bone (the crest) Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
The ethmoidal infundibulum is a funnel-shaped [1] /slit-like [2]: 690 /curved [3] opening [1] /passage [4] /space [2]: 690 /cleft [3] upon the anterosuperior portion of the middle nasal meatus [1] (and thus of the lateral wall of [2] the nasal cavity [1]) at the hiatus semilunaris [3] [5] (which represents the medial extremity of the infundibulum [2]).
The two sphenoid sinuses are separated from each other by a septum. Each sphenoid sinus communicates with the nasal cavity via the opening of sphenoidal sinus. [2]: 500 The two sphenoid sinuses vary in size and shape, and are usually asymmetrical. [3]
The inferior meatus is the largest of the three. It lies below the inferior concha and above the nasal cavity. It extends most of the length of the nasal cavity’s lateral wall. It is broader in the front than at the back, and presents anteriorly the lower orifice of the nasolacrimal canal.
The semilunar hiatus (eg, hiatus semilunaris) is a crescent-shaped [citation needed] /semicircular/ [1] curved [2] slit [2] /groove [1] upon the lateral wall of the nasal cavity [3] at the middle nasal meatus just inferior to the ethmoidal bulla. [2] It is the location of the openings for the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, and anterior ...