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Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade (/ ˌ t æ m. p ə ˈ n eɪ d / [4]), is a compression of the heart due to pericardial effusion (the build-up of pericardial fluid in the sac around the heart). [2] Onset may be rapid or gradual. [2]
Beck's triad is a collection of three medical signs associated with acute cardiac tamponade, a medical emergency when excessive fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac around the heart and impairs its ability to pump blood. The signs are low arterial blood pressure, distended neck veins, and distant, muffled heart sounds. [1]
With cardiac tamponade, jugular veins are distended and typically show a prominent x descent and an absent y descent as opposed to patients with constrictive pericarditis (prominent x and y descent); see Beck's triad. [1] Other possible causes of Kussmaul's sign include: [2] [citation needed] Right ventricular infarction - low ventricular ...
9 Beck's triad (cardiac tamponade) 10 Betablockers: cardioselective betablockers. 11 CHF Treatment. 12 CHF: causes of exacerbation. 13 Complications of Myocardial ...
Amyand's Triad: Amyand's hernia, Appendicitis, Undescended testis: Anderson Triad: Subcutaneous emphysema, rapid respirations, and abdominal rigidity: Esophageal rupture (likely intra-abdominal) Austrian syndrome Triad: Pneumonia, Endocarditis, Meningitis (all caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae) Austrian syndrome: Beck's triad
A classic finding of cardiac tamponade is Beck's triad. The triad includes hypotension, jugular vein distension, and muffled heart sounds. Kussmaul's sign and pulsus paradoxus may also be seen. [10] Low-voltage QRS complexes and electrical alternans are signs on EKG. However, EKG may not show these findings and most often shows tachycardia. [11]
It is clinically similar to a pericardial effusion, and, depending on the volume and rapidity with which it develops, may cause cardiac tamponade. [1] The condition can be caused by full-thickness necrosis (death) of the myocardium (heart muscle) after myocardial infarction, chest trauma, [2] and by over-prescription of anticoagulants.
Tamponade (/ ˌ t æ m. p ə ˈ n eɪ d / [1]) is the closure or blockage (as of a wound or body cavity) by or as if by a tampon, especially to stop bleeding. [2] Tamponade is a useful method of stopping a hemorrhage .