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The Thirty Years' War, [j] from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from the effects of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. [19]
Ends the Thirty Years' War and the Eighty Years' War, and establishes the principle of the sovereignty of nations in use today. Treaty of Concordia [note 61] Divides the island of Saint Martin between France and the Netherlands. 1649 Peace of Rueil: Ends the opening episodes of the Fronde, France's civil war. Treaty of Zboriv
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30 BC – Battle of Alexandria. 29 BC – Augustus takes city. Cornelius Gallus first prefect of Egypt. 25 BC – Strabo, the Greek geographer and philosopher, visits Alexandria. 19 AD – Germanicus resident in city. Alexandria, 16th century. 38 AD – Pogrom against Jews. 115 AD – City sacked during a Jewish revolt. Possible genocide.
The Peace of Prague [c], dated 30 May 1635 Old Style, was a significant turning point in the Thirty Years' War.Signed by John George I, Elector of Saxony, and Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, the terms ended Saxony's support for the anti-Imperial coalition led by Sweden.
Facing a stalemate, the two sides agreed to a Twelve Years' Truce in 1609; when it expired in 1621, fighting resumed as part of the broader Thirty Years' War. An end was reached in 1648 with the Peace of Münster (a treaty that was part of the Peace of Westphalia ), when Spain retained the Southern Netherlands and recognised the Dutch Republic ...
The timeline of wars has been split up in the following periods: List of wars: before 1000; List of wars: 1000–1499; List of wars: 1500–1799; List of wars: 1800–1899; List of wars: 1900–1944; List of wars: 1945–1989; List of wars: 1990–2002; List of wars: 2003–present
View history; Tools. Tools. move to sidebar hide. Actions ... Thirty Years' War treaties; Torstenson War; Treaty of Naples (1639) Treaty of Stettin (1653) ...