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Nasal polyps resulting from chronic rhinosinusitis affect approximately 4.3% of the population. [6] Nasal polyps occur more frequently in men than women and are more common as people get older, increasing drastically after the age of 40. [6] Of people with chronic rhinosinusitis, 10% to 54% also have allergies.
It can be caused by anatomical factors such as a deviated septum or nasal polyps (growths), as well as infection. Symptoms include difficulty breathing through the nose, swelling and pain around the nose and eyes, postnasal drainage down the throat, and difficulty sleeping. [10] CRS is a common condition in children and young adults. [11]
Some polyps are tumors and others are non-neoplastic, for example hyperplastic or dysplastic, which are benign. The neoplastic ones are usually benign, although some can be pre-malignant, or concurrent with a malignancy. The name is of ancient origin, in use in English from about 1400 for a nasal polyp, from Latin polypus through Greek. [1]
[17] [15] Surgery may be recommended in those with chronic disease who have failed medical management. [18] Sinusitis is a common condition. [19] It affects between about 10 and 30 percent of people each year in the United States and Europe. [19] [5] The management of sinusitis in the United States results in more than US$ 11 billion in costs. [19]
Omalizumab, sold under the brand name Xolair among others, is an injectable medication to treat severe persistent allergic forms of asthma, nasal polyps, urticaria (hives), [10] [11] and immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy. [12]
Nasal surgery is a specialty including the removal of nasal obstruction that cannot be achieved by medication and nasal reconstruction. Currently, it comprises four approaches, namely rhinoplasty, septoplasty, sinus surgery, and turbinoplasty, targeted at different sections of the nasal cavity in the order of their external to internal positions.
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