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Treatment of cervical dystonia is symptomatic and optional. The goals of therapy are to improve neck alignment and cosmetic appearance, reduce pain and other secondary complications, and minimize treatment-related side effects.
The treatment of dystonia is primarily symptomatic, although some causes of dystonia are amenable to specific therapies. No curative therapies are available. Management options include oral medications, botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections, and deep brain stimulation (DBS).
This topic will review the known causes of cervical dystonia, key features of the neurologic examination that facilitate the diagnosis, and management. Other forms of dystonia in adults are reviewed in more detail separately.
Treatment of cervical dystonia is symptomatic and optional. The goals of therapy are to improve neck alignment and cosmetic appearance, reduce pain and other secondary complications, and minimize treatment-related side effects.
This topic will review the known causes of cervical dystonia, key features of the neurologic examination that facilitate the diagnosis, and management. Other forms of dystonia in adults are reviewed in more detail separately.
The treatment of dystonia is primarily symptomatic, although some causes of dystonia are amenable to specific therapies. No curative therapies are available. Management options include oral medications, botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections, and deep brain stimulation (DBS).
Treatment of ET is symptomatic, and no disease-modifying therapies are available. The degree of tremor control provided by medications varies among patients and often depends on the dose of the agents used, tremor severity, and a patient's individual response to the chosen agent.
Dystonia may be inherited, acquired, or idiopathic. An increasing number of genetic variants have been identified in familial dystonia syndromes. This topic will review the classification, clinical features, and evaluation of dystonia. Treatment options for dystonia are discussed elsewhere.
Practice guideline update summary: Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, adult spasticity, and headache: Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.
The treatment of spasticity, dystonia, and associated orthopedic issues in patients with CP is discussed here. Other aspects of management and prognosis of CP are discussed separately. (See "Cerebral palsy: Overview of management and prognosis".)