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It also does not include not a new idea, indigenous alternatives, low-cost alternatives, technologies or discoveries developed elsewhere and later invented separately in India, nor inventions by Indian emigres or Indian diaspora in other places. Changes in minor concepts of design or style and artistic innovations do not appear in the lists.
However, according to former Indian science and technology minister Kapil Sibal, India is lagging in science and technology compared to developed countries. [4] India has only 140 researchers per 1,000,000 population, compared to 4,651 in the United States. [4] India invested US$3.7 billion in science and technology in 2002–2003. [5]
Dr. Jagdish Lal launched the first computer science program in India in 1976 at Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College (MNREC). H. K. Kesavan from the University of Waterloo and Vaidyeswaran Rajaraman from the University of Wisconsin–Madison joined the IIT Kanpur Electrical Engineering Department in 1963–1964 as Assistant Professor and Head of Department, respectively.
India had faced difficulties in the 1980s when trying to purchase supercomputers for academic and weather forecasting purposes. [1] In 1986 the National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) started the Flosolver project to develop a computer for computational fluid dynamics and aerospace engineering.
The information technology (I.T.) industry in India comprises information technology services and business process outsourcing. [1] The share of the IT-BPM sector in the GDP of India is 7.4% in FY 2022. [2] [3] The IT and BPM industries' revenue is estimated at US$ 245 billion in FY 2023.
Technological change (TC) or technological development is the overall process of invention, innovation and diffusion of technology or processes. [1] [2] In essence, technological change covers the invention of technologies (including processes) and their commercialization or release as open source via research and development (producing emerging technologies), the continual improvement of ...
The importance of stone tools, circa 2.5 million years ago, is considered fundamental in the human development in the hunting hypothesis. [citation needed]Primatologist, Richard Wrangham, theorizes that the control of fire by early humans and the associated development of cooking was the spark that radically changed human evolution. [2]
Timeline of Indian innovation encompasses key events in the history of technology in the subcontinent historically referred to as India and the modern Indian state.. The entries in this timeline fall into the following categories: architecture, astronomy, cartography, metallurgy, logic, mathematics, metrology, mineralogy, automobile engineering, information technology, communications, space ...