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Collaboration (from Latin com-"with" + laborare "to labor", "to work") is the process of two or more people, entities or organizations working together to complete a task or achieve a goal. [1] Collaboration is similar to cooperation. The form of leadership can be social within a decentralized and egalitarian group. [2]
The third modality concerns the cooperation between businesses and non-governmental organizations. These collaborative arrangements also relate to society's problem-solving capacity. [5] Sustainable development requires concerted collaborative actions at all levels from macro to micro and across all sectors.
Besides cooperation with an immediate benefit for both actors, this behavior appears to occur mostly between relatives. Spending time and resources assisting a related individual may reduce an organism's chances of survival, but because relatives share genes, may increase the likelihood that the helper's genetic traits will be passed on to ...
The roots of the cooperative movement can be traced to multiple influences and extend worldwide. In the English-speaking world, post-feudal forms of cooperation between workers and owners that are expressed today as "profit sharing" and "surplus sharing" arrangements existed as far back as 1795. [12]
This is a primary difference between cooperation and collaboration. This word alludes to the establishment of goals and objectives as structure of the process. The structure does not have to be terribly formal, but it is structure nonetheless.
A strategic alliance is an agreement between two or more parties to pursue a set of agreed upon objectives needed while remaining independent organizations.. The alliance is a cooperation or collaboration which aims for a synergy where each partner hopes that the benefits from the alliance will be greater than those from individual efforts.
Ansell and Gash (2008) define collaborative governance as follows: [7] 'A governing arrangement where one or more public agencies directly engage non-state stakeholders in a collective decision-making process that is formal, consensus-oriented, and deliberative and that aims to make or implement public policy or manage public programs or assets'.
According to the prevailing approach, a consortium is a form of cooperation, different from a civil law partnership, undertaken between economically independent entities already operating on the market in order to implement a specific undertaking that is a segment of the regular activities of these entities, based on an unnamed contract and ...